Definition : Acute viral inflammation of the liver
Aetiology : HAV (commonest), HEV, HBV or HCV
Pathology
Macro (gross)
Liver is enlarged and yellowish green
Micro
1) Hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes
2) Necrosis of hepatocytes
Commonly centrozinal. Necrobiosis and focal necrosis may occur. Some of hepetocytes are acidophilic & shrunken (councilman bodies)
3) Inflammatory cells ( lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells) appear around necrotic cells & in the adjacent portal tracts
4) Kuppfer cell engulf bile and undergo hyperplasia
5) Cholestasis :
Retention of bile inside the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and inside the bile canaliculi ( which is obstructed by the swollen hepatocytes)
6) Framework of the liver is not affected
Fate
1) Chronicity : chronic hepatits or chronic carrier
2) Acute fulminating hepatits : more commonwith HBV, HVC and HEV (during pregnancy) than HAV
3) Complete recovery in 95 % or more of hepatitits A infections
Aetiology : HAV (commonest), HEV, HBV or HCV
Pathology
Macro (gross)
Liver is enlarged and yellowish green
Micro
1) Hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes
2) Necrosis of hepatocytes
Commonly centrozinal. Necrobiosis and focal necrosis may occur. Some of hepetocytes are acidophilic & shrunken (councilman bodies)
3) Inflammatory cells ( lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells) appear around necrotic cells & in the adjacent portal tracts
4) Kuppfer cell engulf bile and undergo hyperplasia
5) Cholestasis :
Retention of bile inside the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and inside the bile canaliculi ( which is obstructed by the swollen hepatocytes)
6) Framework of the liver is not affected
Fate
1) Chronicity : chronic hepatits or chronic carrier
2) Acute fulminating hepatits : more commonwith HBV, HVC and HEV (during pregnancy) than HAV
3) Complete recovery in 95 % or more of hepatitits A infections