m/s 151 reproduction

sudden reduction of estrogens and progesterone lead to following:
>spasms n necrosis of spiral arterioles....
>the vascular spasm is produced by locally secreted prostaglandins from phospholipds by enzymes ...bla bla...
>vasodilator substances, released from necrosis tissue(e.g. prostaglandins) and vasospasm>seeping of blood under necrotic function

x fhm pe dye nk citer sebnrnyer, kejp ckp prostaglandins bg vasospasm, kejp kter prostaglandins vasodilator... x fhm per kaitn ngn estrogen progesterone...

spe yg fhm @ even fhm sket2 ker... leh citer sket..??..

hmm..
rase2 nyer cmni kot dia nk ckp..

1- apabila xd pregnancy, xd HCG hormone oleh fetus dihasilkan , so xd progesterone & estrogen yg dihasilkan oleh corpus luteum , so dia akn menyebabkan decreased pregnancy hormone..(sebagai mana kita tau yg untuk maintain wall of endometium ni kita perlukan pregnancy hormone ni)

2- so apabila hormone ni kurang / xd, xd lah function dia nk maintain wall of endometrium ( disini dia mksudkan functional layer )

3 - action dia dgn vascular spasm of spiral arteries kan? jadi xd nutrient supply kpd functional layer tu, jadi layer tu akn slow2 necrosis ( dgn action vaso spasm )

4- mybe * andaian j ni * apabila berlaku vascular spasm ni, dia akan ada feedback untuk vasodilate balik arterial supply tu..

5- so prostaglandin tu akan acting untuk lakukan feedback ni

6- tp sebab spasm tu kuat, cmpur plak dgn pressure dgn blood flow ni ( vasodilatation ) jadi akan berlaku tirisan@ bocor / seeding of blood flow below functional layer ni..

7- layer yg dah necrosis tu mudah nk shedding, so apabila ada seeding of blood flow, jadi dia akan detach easily and jadilah menstruation..

** andaian dr seorang yg masih belajar

ooo ye ker...
rupenyer...
kirenyer bler x de nutrient ,spiral arterioles tuh jd spasm, pastu necrosis, kan?
fhm2
point ke2 n 3 fhm

p point kedua tu ad kter, vascular spasm is produced by locally secreted prostaglandins from cellular phospholipids by enzmyes released from lysosomal membrane breakdown of necrotic endometrium
maksudnyer, vascular spasm disebabkan o prostaglandins? apakah????

shafaf....x tau laaa aper yg sy faham ni,btol ker tak....surf dlm tenet,detail sgt plop......
spasm-sudden constriction of vessels
necrosis-death of tissue
coalesce-unite

"Spiral arterioles are unique to menstruating species. The classic studies conducted
more than 50 years ago by Markee demonstrated that steroid (estrogen/progesterone)
withdrawal produced severe vasoconstriction of the endometrial spiral arterioles
lasting 4–24 h ."

sudden reduction of estrogens and progesterone lead to following:
>spasms n necrosis of spiral arterioles....

"The vasoconstriction is followed by vasodilatation in
these vessels, causing increased blood flow. Ischemic damage induced by the
vasoconstriction causes blood to flow out of the vessels to the epithelial surface."

The interruption of blood supply and the acute tissue hemorrhage culminate in
shedding of the superficial functional layer of the endometrium.

>the vascular spasm is produced by locally secreted prostaglandins from phospholipds by enzymes ...bla bla...
>vasodilator substances, released from necrosis tissue(e.g. prostaglandins) and vasospasm>seeping of blood under necrotic function


"Several vasoactive agents likely mediate the response to steroid withdrawal. Local
prostaglandin (PG) production is proposed to affect endometrial vasoregulation by
increasing the ratio of the vasodilatory PGE2 relative to the vasoconstrictor PGF2a
at menstruation [53]. "maksudnyer,prostaglandin ader 2 jenis,vasodilator dgn vasoconstrictor...tp,maser menstruation,vasodilator prostaglandin lg bnyk drpad vasoconstrictor prostaglandin....

yg sy paham,sequence of events dier camni:

decrease estrogen,progesterone-vasoconstriction(spasm)-ischemic damage-necrosis of spiral arterioles(death-,release vasoconstrictor prostaglandin(PGF2a)by enzymes released from lysosomal membrane breakdown of necrotic endometrial)-tmbhan lg,release of vasodilator substances(PGE2) from necrotic tissue-hemorrage(hemorrhagic spots appear)-blood flow out of vessel to epithelial surface-menstrual blood flow...

sy budak baru belajar,kalo salah tlg btolkan.....

o0..skrg bru phm kenape hemorrhagic spot. coz..PGI2 menyebbkn vasodilatation. kirenye the prostaglandins released are of diff types =)
sy phm mcm yg mas terang..

oo fhm2
kirenyer prostaglandins ad 2 jenis
yg PGF2 vasoconstrictor, PGE2 vasodilator

ptut ar ayt dye cmtuh, k
tq2 da fhm

* yg xd nutrient tu functional layer of endometrium tuh yg jadik necrotic

* adakah vasospasm tu akan menyebabkan vasodilatation ( action of feedback ).. dua2 action ni berlaku kan??

* pencerahan yg baik dr frenzy fish..thanks2

forum is sharing.....

huhuhuh......frenzyfish ni pown x tau la btol ke tak fakta nyerr....kalo korang nk cerah lg,tanyer prof. ek.......

tntg feedback action,x pasti berlaku ker tak dlm mechanism of menstruation ni...

esok kiter serang wawa@nisa'........

ekk??

korang jela yg pg serbu STAR subject( wawa/nisa) tuh..

rasenya2 dah cukup j kot dgn info tu, bnyak2 xlarat nk hafal fakta2..kah2

to ayunishafaf : xyhla ckp mcm esok dah xd forum dah.. jgn isau, kalau ada j sokongan forum ni tetap akn diteruskan.. agpun, xdla nk trus stop gitu j forum ni, ( masih lagi dlm pertimbangan tentang forum ni )

whatever la korunk,
sbnrnyer kan.. increase estrogen feedback dye...
increase kn LH/FSH ke lower kn LH/FSH?

xpasti plak kalau estrogen tu, kalau progesterone decreased..
cer tgk explaination dlm page 156 ~ ( no 1 point 2 )

* progesterone menyebabakan suppression of estrogen skali kan??

klau rujuk m/s 156 increased estrogen n progesterone>negative feedback to hypothalamus,pituitary> FSH/LH suppresion...

ha'aa... progesterone has antiestrogen effect(m/s 147)

p tgk m/s 157

point kt ats skli
>increase estrogen>decrease secretion rate of FSH/LH

p point kt bwh tuh
3)preovulatory surge of LH and FSh
estrogen reaches peak secretion ar 13th day, there is sudden increase in secretion of both FSH/LH>preovulatory surge of LH>ovulation (ESTROGEN FEEDBACK effect)...?? dye ckp feedback ap senanyer?

rasenya cini dia nk cakp effective ( xterlalu low/ high ) estrogen important untuk LH surge n ovulation .. ( mybe optimum amount )

tp kalau increase in volume ( mcm high gitu ) dia akan menyebabkan negative feedback..

** sebab search internet pun bnyak yg ckp estrogen important untuk LH surge..( mybe untuk short time ni j kot )

emm, ye kut
thnks..

shapap.sori lmbt reply.ehe.

sbb nye aku x bc lg part tu.hek hek.tp, aku bgga sbb ramai kawan2 aku yg dah bc.thumbs up!

frenzyfish wrote:forum is sharing.....

huhuhuh......frenzyfish ni pown x tau la btol ke tak fakta nyerr....kalo korang nk cerah lg,tanyer prof. ek.......

tntg feedback action,x pasti berlaku ker tak dlm mechanism of menstruation ni...

esok kiter serang wawa@nisa'........

hai frenzy fish.awk ni ikan jenis apa yee?? hek hek

interesting stuff...

nih tadi dlm kelas tadi bru perasan n terbaca..

* estrogen tu dia ada dua2 lah sama ada -ve feedback @ +ve feedback kpd gonadotrophin hormone tp depends kpd stages dlm mestrual cycle tu.. ( antara preovulatory & post ovuloatory )

* tp yg sure, peak amount of estrogen tuh, dia akn menyebabkan surge of LH hormone untuk ovulation..
* yg lain2 dia akan depressed..

ada sedikit kekeliruan yg jika boleh mintak kerjasama korang untuk sama2 explain ..

pasal PREGNANCY TEST m/s 184 :

pasal indirect immunological tests : (point no 1 )

Betapa aku di dunia yang jauh berbeza.

Payapaya wrote:

Betapa aku di dunia yang jauh berbeza.

bezo gapo mugo samo2 duk mesir..
male ni futsal kul 7.. ejah mri tu..oyk ko kamil skali..

Sebab aku di Giza.








Kamil ada perjumpaan anak Perak.







InsyaAllah, aku dan Faiz usahakan.

nisa mohd zaidan wrote:

frenzyfish wrote:forum is sharing.....

huhuhuh......frenzyfish ni pown x tau la btol ke tak fakta nyerr....kalo korang nk cerah lg,tanyer prof. ek.......

tntg feedback action,x pasti berlaku ker tak dlm mechanism of menstruation ni...

esok kiter serang wawa@nisa'........

hai frenzy fish.awk ni ikan jenis apa yee?? hek hek

hai nisa.....sy ikan bilis...susah nk dapat kat mesir tau....

afnan fakhrurazi wrote:ada sedikit kekeliruan yg jika boleh mintak kerjasama korang untuk sama2 explain ..

pasal PREGNANCY TEST m/s 184 :

pasal indirect immunological tests : (point no 1 )

xd yg nk explain k?? huhu

pregnancy agglutination test, sbnrnyer, concept dye cmner?

x taw laa..
klau da subjek master x taw, serius org yg kurg ilmu nie..rse mcm xthu pape

mcm ELISA pn ad
search kt google, google kter per?